Egypt is possibly the only country in the world whose history has inspired so many poems, epics, controversies, debates and speculation. The history of Egypt can be divided into 4 based on the rulers who took over this land over different points of time.
The Pharaonic Era started as far back as 3000 BC. This era is probably the most fascinating for historians and laypersons alike, as the Egyptian civilization rose to the height of its power during the Pharaonic rule. Menes established the first Pharaoh dynasty of Egypt. Later Pharaohs like Amenemhet I, Amenhotep I, the Tuhutmos rulers, and Akhenaton are credited with building Egypt into the vast, powerful empire that it became. During this period, Egypt got one of the first monotheistic, organized religions in the world- the worship of Sun God Ra. The Giza pyramids, the Sphinx date back to this period. The temples of Luxor, Hathor and Amun are also a testimony to the architectural genius of the ancient Egyptians.
The period preceding the birth of Christ was a turbulent one in the history of Egypt, when it was attacked by the Hittites, then the Greeks and Romans. The conquest of Egypt by the Macedonian ruler, Alexander the Great, effectively ended the Pharaonic Era in Egypt, paving the way for a Greek rule of the country.
The Roman conquest of Egypt has been immortalized in popular imagination through the doomed romance of Anthony and Cleopatra, the last Egyptian ruler.
